In a world increasingly aware of the need for sustainable solutions, Spain is at a crossroads between energy and the environment. Historically dependent on conventional energy sources and facing increasing challenges due to climate change, the country is actively seeking more sustainable and local alternatives. In this context, a recent report from the Spanish gas sector association Sedigas highlights a revolutionary change: the transformation of traditional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) into biomethane-generating biofactories. This development not only represents an opportunity to reduce the country's carbon footprint, but also to redefine its energy landscape with renewable and local sources, in line with global efforts towards a greener and more sustainable future.
Biogas production in Spain
According to the Spanish Biogas Association (AEBIG) and the European Biogas Association (EBA), there are currently 210 active biogas plants in Spain, with a total production capacity of 836 MW. Sewage sludge-based plants, totalling 80 facilities, are central to this scheme, underlining the vital role of WWTPs in the national energy strategy. The country's biogas production reached 8,079 GWh in 2020, contributing significantly to Spain's energy self-sufficiency and sustainability goals.
Success stories in biogas and biomethane production
- Catalonia: the Catalan Water Agency (ACA) has supported biogas production at a dozen WWTPs in five districts, an exemplary project that shows how the transformation of WWTPs can benefit entire regions.
- Murcia: the production of biogas in Murcia's WWTPs has generated more than 10 million kWh of electricity per year, demonstrating the positive impact of these facilities on the production of renewable energy.
- DAM Aguas: DAM Aguas has highlighted biogas valorization as a step towards the transformation of WWTPs into resource-producing industries.
- ACCIONA: the company is leading an innovative project to produce biomethane using surplus renewable energy, demonstrating the potential for integrating different technologies into waste and energy management.
- Canal de Isabel II: Madrid’s water utility generates more than 90,000 MWh of electricity per year thanks to biogas, highlighting the significant role of WWTPs in the region's energy grid.
Challenges and barriers
Despite the great potential, biomethane adoption in Spain faces regulatory, administrative and economic hurdles. Overcoming these challenges is crucial to ensure a robust development of the sector and to meet the country's ambitious sustainability and decarbonisation goals.
Strategic collaboration between AEAS and Sedigas
The collaboration agreement signed in December 2023 between the Spanish Association of Water Supply and Sanitation (AEAS) and Sedigas is a significant milestone. This strategic alliance, focused on promoting the production and use of renewable gases and green hydrogen, serves as an inspiring model for future collaborations in the energy sector.
Future outlook
The current situation in Spain reflects a duality of significant challenges and emerging opportunities. The conversion of WWTPs into biofactories to produce biomethane is a clear example of how innovation and sustainability can converge into effective solutions. These initiatives are not only effective responses to the demand for renewable and local energy, but also align perfectly with global decarbonisation goals. Looking ahead, Spain is moving towards energy self-sufficiency and a more circular and environmentally friendly economy. Continued innovation, government support and investment will be key to transforming the country's energy industry and fostering sustainable economic growth and job creation.
